Docker simplifies the administration of software in containers. Docker Compose is a tool that simplifies working with multiple containers.
This is about docker-lamp. A software that provides pre-built images, containers and scripts to help with development on a web server. In the last part we set up the environment. Now I install Joomla in different versions. In the next part, I will add one of my projects.
Requirements
Besides Docker, Docker Compose is necessary. If you have followed this set so far, everything is fine.
use docker-lamp
If the server has been shut down in the meantime, start it via ./docker-lamp start in the directory docker-lamp.
In the web browser, the URL https://joomla.test/ or https://joomla.local/ should now show something like the following picture. In the following image you see the view after the two directories j4dev and j3dev have been created in the directory joomla.
Set up web server environment
Using the default
If you use the /www directory, which exists under /docker-lamp/data/www, as the root directory of the web server, you can skip this section and go on with Installing Joomla.
Optional - Setting up the root directory of the web server under ./data
Set up folder
I describe my procedure as an example using /srv/www as the root directory in the web server.
In this case, the variable APP_BASEDIR in the file .env must be changed as follows.
...
...
# Set Your projekt folder for websites
#
APP_BASEDIR=/srv
...
...The
datadirectory underdocker-lampis the basis for the project folder for websites and configurations. To outsource this, one can use this folder as skeleton.
An easier alternative is to copy the directory
/wwwwhich can be found under/docker-lamp/data/wwwto/srv. Then you have the directories provided by docker-lamp as standard. Only the permissions have to be taken into account.
First I create the directory /srv/www/joomla. /srv/www should be my webserver root directory. The subfolder joomla will contain all Joomla projects for a better overview. Logical, right?
In most server setups it makes sense that the person who changes the files is either the owner or belongs to a group that has write permissions. This way you avoid conflicts with user rights, sometimes called www-run-problem.
The following chain of commands ensures that folders and files have the correct rights.
First, we stop the server.
./docker-lamp shutdownWe copy the entire contents of the docker-lamp/data directory to /srv.
sudo cp -r data/* /srv/
sudo rm -r data/chown stands for change owner and changes the owner of /srv/www/.
sudo chown -R youruser:youruser /srv/www/As a reminder,
whoamishows you your user.groupsshows you which groups you are in.
In the end, this should be there for Joomla development
- In the root, the directory
srvshould belong to the userroot.
$ ll
..
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Feb 3 17:42 srv/
...- The directory
/srvcontains the following structure:
/srv$ ll
insgesamt 36
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 Apr 8 18:59 ./
drwxr-xr-x 21 root root 4096 Feb 6 12:28 ../
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 8 18:57 apache24/
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Apr 8 18:57 ca/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 8 18:57 initDB/
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Apr 8 18:57 php/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 8 18:57 phpinfo/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 144 Apr 8 18:57 README.md
drwxr-xr-x 5 youruser youruser 4096 Apr 8 18:57 www/
- The directory
/srv/wwwlooks like this:
/srv/www$ ll
insgesamt 24
drwxr-xr-x 5 youruser youruser 4096 Apr 8 18:57 ./
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 Apr 8 18:59 ../
drwxr-xr-x 2 youruser youruser 4096 Apr 8 18:57 joomla/
-rw-r--r-- 1 youruser youruser 35 Apr 8 18:57 README.md
drwxr-xr-x 2 youruser youruser 4096 Apr 8 18:57 wp/
drwxr-xr-x 2 youruser youruser 4096 Apr 8 18:57 wp-multisite/
If you want to develop for Wordpress, create the directories
wpandwp-multisiteintended by docker-lamp similar to thejoomlafolder.
Final test
To test: run the command ./docker-lamp start in the directory docker-lamp to restart the server.
In the web browser the URL https://joomla.test/ or https://joomla.local/ should now show the following image - I have already created the two directories j4dev and j3dev in the directory joomla.
Installing Joomla
The installation process differs depending on whether you are working with the development version of Joomla or a stable version.
Developer version
Joomla 4
We clone the development versions from Github into the subfolder joomla of the web server root directory, exactly into the directory ./data/joomla.
To do this, I switch to the folder ./data/joomla and run the following command.
cd ./data/joomla
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/joomla/joomla-cms.git -b 4.0-dev
As a result I see:
./data/joomla$ ll
insgesamt 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 youruser youruser 4096 Feb 6 13:18 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 youruser youruser 4096 Feb 6 13:08 ../
drwxrwxr-x 21 youruser youruser 4096 Feb 6 13:19 joomla-cms/In order to recognise at first glance which Joomla it is, I give the directory a more descriptive name.
mv joomla-cms/ j4devI use
j4devfor the development version of Joomla 4.j3, orj4for the last stable version of the major release.j4b6for the 6th beta version of Joomla 4. I name the databases in the same way. This way everything is clear for me.
I look at the result in the browser. https://j4dev.joomla.local or https://j4dev.joomla.test are the right URLs.
So far so good! The development environment is to be set up next.
Why do I use the 1000 instead of
userorgroupin the following commands? In Ubuntu,1000is the first ID created in the case of users and groups during installation. If you have installed the system yourself, you will have the ID 1000. You can check this with the commandid -u.
We need Git to run Composer without errors and install the version management with the following command in the container docker-lamp_php81.
$ docker exec -it docker-lamp_php81 apk add git
fetch https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.13/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.13/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
(1/3) Installing expat (2.2.10-r1)
(2/3) Installing pcre2 (10.36-r0)
(3/3) Installing git (2.30.0-r0)
Executing busybox-1.32.1-r2.trigger
OK: 79 MiB in 71 packagesThe following command runs composer install in the ./data/joomla/j4dev directory of the docker-lamp_php81 container as user 1000.
A local installation of Composer can be used. To do this, switch to the
j4devdirectory on the computer and call the commandcomposer installthere.
docker exec -it --user 1000 -w /srv/www/joomla/j4dev docker-lamp_php74 composer installComposer can be used in the containers with PHP 7.3 (docker-lamp_php73), 7.4 (docker-lamp_php74) and 8.0 (docker-lamp_php81).
The following command runs npm ci in the ./data/joomla/j4dev directory of the docker-lamp_php81 container as user 1000. However, we do not want npm to be permanently in the container. Therefore we delete it. This is what the parameter --rm does.
Any local installations of Node.js or npm can be used. To do this, switch to the
j4devdirectory on the computer and call up the commandnpm cithere.
docker run --rm -it --user 1000 -v /home/youruser/docker-lamp/data/www/joomla/j4dev:/home/youruser/docker-lamp/data/www/joomla/j4dev -w /srv/www/joomla/j4dev node:latest npm iI check the output again in the browser. https://j4dev/joomla.local or https://j4dev.joomla.test are the appropriate URLs.
Voilá! Joomla is ready for installation.
Special features during the installation of Joomla
Joomla 3
Similar to the installation of the Joomla 4 developer version, I use the following commands.
cd ./data/joomla
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/joomla/joomla-cms.git -b staging
mv joomla-cms/ j3devI look at the result in the browser https://j3dev.joomla.local or https://j3dev.joomla.test are the appropriate URLs for the directory.
The installation routine of Joomla opens.
Stable versions
In case of a stable version, I get the ZIP file from Github and unpack it in the folder ./data/joomla.
When the package is unpacked, I rename it. For me, the name j3 means that this is the last stable version of the 3 series. joomla-cms would tell me nothing about the version.
mv joomla-cms/ j3Everything is ready for installation.
What does docker-lamp offer
I have installed Joomla in the container docker-lamp_php81. It is available to me in all supported PHP versions.
A short overview for orientation
I open a command line of the container docker-lamp_php81 via docker exec -ti docker-lamp_php81 sh.
$ docker exec -ti docker-lamp_php81 sh
php81:./data#cat /etc/issue called in the container shows me the operating system and version.
php81:./data# cat /etc/issue
Welcome to Alpine Linux 3.13
Kernel \r on an \m (\l)Using php -i | grep php.ini I find out which php.ini is loaded.
php81:./data# php -i | grep php.ini
Configuration File (php.ini) Path => /usr/local/etc/php
Loaded Configuration File => /usr/local/etc/php/php.iniThe editor vi is available in the container. My cheat sheet with the most important commands for vi:
:w= Save the file.:q= Exit the vi (only after saving).:wq= Save and exit.:q!= Exit without saving.
I can exit the container again via exit.
php81:./data# exit
$I find out the names of the containers using docker ps.
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
0228f9effde2 degobbis/apache24-alpine:latest "/httpd-php-entrypoi…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:8000->8000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8056->8056/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8073-8074->8073-8074/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8400->8400/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8456->8456/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8473-8474->8473-8474/tcp, 80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8481->8481/tcp, 0.0.0.0:80->8074/tcp, 0.0.0.0:443->8474/tcp docker-lamp_httpd
9fd0d7d257df degobbis/php74-fpm-alpine:latest "/httpd-php-entrypoi…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 9000/tcp docker-lamp_php74
b5435404bc73 phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin:fpm-alpine "/docker-entrypoint.…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 9000/tcp docker-lamp_phpmyadmin
041bbf1a4ee4 degobbis/php73-fpm-alpine:latest "/httpd-php-entrypoi…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 9000/tcp docker-lamp_php73
ce746bda0ffc degobbis/php81-fpm-alpine:latest "/httpd-php-entrypoi…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 9000/tcp docker-lamp_php81
226cd211294c degobbis/php56-fpm-alpine:latest "/httpd-php-entrypoi…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 9000/tcp docker-lamp_php56
c473eb668908 degobbis/mariadb105-alpine:latest "/docker-entrypoint …" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp docker-lamp_mysql
9beb444df753 mailhog/mailhog:latest "MailHog" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 0.0.0.0:1025->1025/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8025->8025/tcp docker-lamp_mailhog
96527284e9a0 cytopia/bind:0.15 "/docker-entrypoint.…" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 0.0.0.0:53->53/tcp, 0.0.0.0:53->53/udp docker-lamp_bindSupported PHP Versions
The Configuration shows which PHP versions are supported.
That is concretely
- PHP 5.6 (https://joomla.local:8456/phpinfo/)
- PHP 7.3 (https://joomla.local:8473/phpinfo/)
- PHP 7.4 (https://joomla.local:8474/phpinfo/)
- PHP 8.1 (https://joomla.local:8481/phpinfo/)
The PHP versions in the list do not include minor versions. These are updated promptly and therefore change permanently.
Port links and PHP versions
The default PHP version is 7.4.x. This can be seen from the fact that port 8074 is mapped to 443 by default in docker-compose.yml, or the custom docker-compose.override.yml.
...
httpd:
image: degobbis/apache24-alpine:latest
container_name: ${COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME}_httpd
hostname: httpd
links:
- bind
- php56
- php73
- php74
- php81
- mailhog
volumes:
- ./data/ca:/usr/local/apache2/ca:rw
- ./.config/httpd/apache24/conf.d:/usr/local/apache2/conf.d:rw
- ./.config/httpd/apache24/vhosts:/usr/local/apache2/vhosts:rw
- ./data/apache24/my-domains.conf:/usr/local/apache2/vhosts/20-extra-domains.conf:rw
- ./data/phpinfo:/srv/phpinfo:rw
- ${APP_BASEDIR:-./data/www}:./data:rw
- /home/meinBenutzer/git:/home/meinBenutzer/git:rw
- pma:/srv/pma
- phpsocket:/run/php
ports:
- "80:${MAP_POT_80:-8074}"
- "8000:8000"
- "8056:8056"
- "8073:8073"
- "8074:8074"
- "8080:8080"
- "443:${MAP_POT_443:-8474}"
- "8400:8400"
- "8456:8456"
- "8473:8473"
- "8474:8474"
- "8481:8481"
environment:
TZ: ${MY_TZ:-UTC}
LC_ALL: ${MY_LOCALES:-en_GB.UTF-8}
APP_USER_ID: ${APP_USER_ID:-1000}
APP_GROUP_ID: ${APP_GROUP_ID:-1000}
dns:
- 172.16.238.100
networks:
net:
ipv4_address: 172.16.238.10
...A specific PHP version is addressed via the port. For example https://joomla.local:8481/phpinfo/ for PHP 8.1.x or https://joomla.local:8456/phpinfo/ if you want to check PHP 5.6.x.
PHPInfo()
A practical feature is that phpinfo() is provided by the system for each PHP version and each domain or subdomain. All that is needed is to call the domain with the subdirectory /phpinfo.
The request
https://j4dev.joomla.local:8481/administrator/index.php?option=com_admin&view=sysinfoshows the system information of the Joomla installation. You can see that PHP 8.1 is running.
The request
https://j4dev.joomla.local:8456/administrator/index.php?option=com_admin&view=sysinfoshows the system information of the Joomla installation. Joomla 4 cannot be run with PHP version 5.6. Therefore, you are greeted with "Sorry, your PHP version is not supported". Joomla 4 does not support PHP 5.6.x.
xdebug
Versions
PHP 5.6 used in February 2021
- xdebug 2.5.5
PHP 7.3 and PHP 7.4 used
- xdebug 2.9.8
PHP 8.1 used
- xdebug 3.1.0-dev
Parameters
The parameters set in xdebug can be found in the PHP configuration.
For xdebug 2 this is
[XDEBUG]
;
; options for xDebug 2.x
;
xdebug.default_enable = true
xdebug.remote_enable = true
xdebug.remote_port = 10000
xdebug.remote_connect_back = false
xdebug.max_nesting_level = 700
;xdebug.remote_log = ./data/xdebug.log
; xdebug.remote_host is set automaticaly by entrypoint.
; If it not works, it can be overridden here with the
; host network IP like this
;xdebug.remote_host=192.168.0.100For xdebug 3 this is
[XDEBUG]
;
; options for xDebug 3.x
;
xdebug.mode = debug
xdebug.start_with_request = trigger
xdebug.discover_client_host = false
xdebug.client_port = 10000
xdebug.max_nesting_level = 700
;xdebug.log = ./data/xdebug.log
; xdebug.client_host is set automaticaly by entrypoint.
; If it not works, it can be overridden here with the
; host network IP like this
;xdebug.client_host=192.168.0.100Note
xdebug.remote_port = 10000andxdebug.client_port = 10000respectively, which are required in the configuration of the IDE or the browser plugin.
Possible errors
Cloning failed using an ssh key for authentication, enter your GitHub credentials to access private repos
The following error indicates that Git is not installed in the container.
Installing joomla-projects/joomla-browser (v4.0.0.x-dev 679c0ce): Cloning 679c0cef9c
Cloning failed using an ssh key for authentication, enter your GitHub credentials to access private repos
Head to https://github.com/settings/tokens/new?scopes=repo&description=Composer+on+php74+2021-02-13+1333
to retrieve a token. It will be stored in "/home/virtual/.composer/auth.json" for future use by Composer.
Token (hidden):The installation of Git in the container is done for the container docker-lamp_php81 via:
$ docker exec -it docker-lamp_php81 apk add git
fetch https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.13/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.13/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
(1/3) Installing expat (2.2.10-r1)
(2/3) Installing pcre2 (10.36-r0)
(3/3) Installing git (2.30.0-r0)
Executing busybox-1.32.1-r2.trigger
OK: 79 MiB in 71 packagesphpMyAdmin and MailHog
phpMyAdmin
phpMyAdmin is a free tool designed for managing MySQL over the web.
The phpMyAdmin interface can be reached via http://localhost:8000.
The password for the user root is set in the file .env. By default it is root.
...
# Set MySQL root password
#
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWD=root
...
When installing Joomla, a database server is requested. If you use docker-lamp you have to enter the name of the database container. This is simply mysql. This information can be found in the file docker-compose.yml.
...
mysql:
image: degobbis/mariadb105-alpine:latest
container_name: ${COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME}_mysql
hostname: mysql
links:
- bind
volumes:
- db-data-dir:/var/lib/mysql
- ./data/initDB:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
environment:
TZ: ${MY_TZ:-UTC}
LC_ALL: ${MY_LOCALES:-en_GB.UTF-8}
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: ${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWD:-root}
APP_USER_ID: ${APP_USER_ID:-1000}
APP_GROUP_ID: ${APP_GROUP_ID:-1000}
ports:
- "3306:3306"
networks:
net:
ipv4_address: 172.16.238.15
...
...
phpmyadmin:
image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin:fpm-alpine
container_name: ${COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME}_phpmyadmin
hostname: phpmyadmin
links:
- bind
- mysql
volumes:
- ./.config/phpmyadmin/config.user.inc.php:/etc/phpmyadmin/config.user.inc.php:rw
- pma:/var/www/html
environment:
TZ: ${MY_TZ:-UTC}
LC_ALL: ${MY_LOCALES:-en_GB.UTF-8}
PMA_HOST: mysql
PMA_PORT: 3306
UPLOAD_LIMIT: 128M
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: ${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWD:-root}
networks:
net:
ipv4_address: 172.16.238.17
...
MailHog
MailHog is an email testing tool for developers.
With docker-lamp emails can be viewed via the Mailhog interface if they were sent via PHP mail. The Mailhog interface can be reached via http://localhost:8025.
If you want to see how the container is build, you can take a look at the file docker-compose.yml.
...
mailhog:
image: mailhog/mailhog:latest
container_name: ${COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME}_mailhog
hostname: mailhog
links:
- bind
ports:
- "8025:8025"
- "1025:1025"
networks:
net:
ipv4_address: 172.16.238.16
...
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